“...Although both economists and psychometricians typically treat them as interval scales, test scores are reported using ordinal scales. Using the Early Childhood...”

“...The achievement gap between black and white children from kindergarten through seventh grade is measured. The evolution of the achievement gap in the first...”

“...We estimate whether students update the colleges to which they consider applying in response to large, unanticipated information shocks generated by the...”

“...Many of the positive economic trends coming out of the Civil Rights Era for black men stagnated or reversed during the late 1970s and early 1980s. These...”

“...We develop a model of migration in the face of geographic information asymmetries. Firms from a given city observe whether or not a local worker is a member of...”

“...We show that, without strong auxiliary assumptions, it is impossible to rank groups by average happiness using survey data with a few potential responses. The...”

“...Although both economists and psychometricians typically treat them as interval scales, test scores are reported using ordinal scales. Using the Early Childhood...”