“...•This paper analyses the effects of retirement on mental health in Europe.•Regular state pension ages are used for identification purposes.•We find no...”

“...•We study whether independent-school competition involves a trade-off between pupil wellbeing and academic performance.•Competition decreases pupil wellbeing...”

“...Separating causation from correlation in empirical studies is crucial for drawing the right conclusions for social-policy development. In the last decade, the...”

“...We study attitudes to education among English adolescents. Using PISA data, we show there is considerable variation in these attitudes depending on background:...”

“...This paper analyses the short- and long-term effects of retirement on mental health in ten European countries. It exploits thresholds created by regular state...”