“...According to the World Trade Organization (WTO) standards, countries are allowed to adapt regulations under the Sanitary and phyto-sanitary (SPS) and technical...”

“...Despite rapidly rising female educational attainment and the closing if not reversal of the gender gap in education, female labor force participation rates in...”

“...This paper examines how economic ideas have been shaped throughout history and the influence of these on the formulation of economic policy. We collect both...”

“...•We quantify the level of inequality of opportunity in educational attainment for eight Middle East and North African countries.•We measure attainment in two...”

“...The objective of this paper is twofold. First, it aims to examine the impact of informality on productivity in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) in order...”

“...The Arab Middle East still lags behind the rest of the world in women’s labor force participation. This chapter explores the causes of Arab women’s low labor...”

“...The present research explores for the first time to our best knowledge the extremely biased division of labor within Egyptian households. Time activities in...”

“...The present research explores for the first time to our best knowledge the extremely biased division of labor within Egyptian households. Time activities in...”