“...The current approach to determining banking productivity using multioutput distance functions or Malmquist indices is not appropriate. This problem is specific...”

“...•Traditional measures of competition are unrelated to each other.•We develop a frontier-based measure of banking competition.•Competition can be assessed by...”

“...Studies of banking competition and competitive behavior both within and across countries typically utilise only one of the few measures that are available. In...”

“...The level and trend in cash use in a country will influence the demand for central bank digital currency (CBDC). While access to digital currency will be more...”

“...Chlorine is a pulmonary toxicant to which humans can be exposed through accidents or intentional releases. Acute effects of chlorine inhalation in humans and...”

“...The article draws on critiques in political theory and morality to argue that womanism, a worldview rooted in Black women's lives and history, provides an...”

“...Chlorine is a commonly used, reactive compound to which humans can be exposed via accidental or intentional release resulting in acute lung injury...”

“...There are numerous ways to indicate the degree of banking competition across countries. Antitrust authorities rely on the structure-conduct-performance...”

“...We study the problem of locating semi-static targets in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) environments using multiple sets of time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA)...”

“...A widely used scheme for target localization is to measure the time of arrival of a wireless signal emitted by a tag, which requires the clocks of the anchors...”