“...We use the PISA student-level achievement database to estimate international education production functions. Student characteristics, family backgrounds, home...”

“...Even though some countries track students into differing-ability schools by age 10, others keep their entire secondary-school system comprehensive. To estimate...”

“...Trade and growth theories predict a mutual causation of innovation and exports. We test empirically whether innovation causes exports using a uniquely rich...”

“...A review of the measures of the stock of human capital used in empirical growth research – including adult literacy rates, school enrollment ratios, and...”